Advancing Interdisciplinary Research in Singing •The flag of Brazil is green and yellow, the colors of the country. •Brazil is the 5th largest country in the world, and the largest country in South America. In 2010, there were 192 million Brazilians. •It is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east side and by most other South American countries (except for Ecuador and Chile). Brazil’s capital city is Brasilia, a city located in the middle of the country and equidistant to some of the major state capitals. In this Aerial map of Brasilia, you can see the architecture of the city is built like an airplane. This is Oscar Niemeyer, the architect who designed the city of Brasilia in the shape of an airplane. He also designed many other important monuments in Brasilia. Architect Oscar Niemeyer (b. 1907) Cathedral in Brasilia Children in Brazil learn that the country is divided into 5 main regions, each with its own states. •Brazil is a mestizo (mixed-race) country. •Most Brazilians descend from the country's indigenous peoples, Portuguese settlers, and African slaves. Brazilians look very different from one another! •Brazil also has the largest number of uncontacted native populations; in 2007, the National Indian Foundation reported the existence of 67 different tribes that have never been contacted, to this date! . Children from the Yanomami nation, preparing for a celebration. • • Brazil is the largest Portuguese speaking country in the world. Here are some common Portuguese phrases: • • • • • • • • • • Bom dia (Good morning) Boa tarde (Good afternoon) Boa noite (Good evening) Como vai você? (How are you?) Meu nome é... (My name is...) Quantos anos você tem? (How old are you?) Eu tenho... anos. (I am ... years old.) Onde você mora? (Where do you live?) Eu não falo português. (I don’t speak Portuguese). Tchau. (Good bye) Brazilians use the REAL to buy things. •Major export products include aircraft, electrical equipment, automobiles, ethanol, textiles, footwear, iron ore, steel, coffee, orange juice, soybeans and corned beef. • Brazilian topography is diverse and includes hills, mountains, great plains, highlands, beaches along the Atlantic Ocean, and scrublands. • Brazil has a dense and complex system of rivers, one of the world's most extensive, with eight major drainage basins, all of which drain into the Atlantic. •The Amazon is one of its major rivers. It is the world's second-longest river and the largest in terms of volume of water. Flora, Fauna & Biodiversity • The jaguar is considered a near threatened species. • The toucan is a bird that lives in the Amazon. • The golden lion tamarind is endangered! Many plants are native to Brazil. • The vitória régia is a type of water lily that grows in the Amazon region. • The araucaria pine tree grows in cold areas of Brazil. • Guaraná, a plant from the maple family, grows abundantly in Brazil. It looks like an eyeball! The fruit makes a very popular soft drink that many children appreciate. • Brazilian cuisine is very rich and varied. • It reflects the country's mix of native and immigrant populations. This is Feijoada (Black bean stew), with its typical accompaniments: white rice, fried bananas, farofa, fried manioc, spicy sauce, orange slices, stewed kale. Pastel – fried dough with a nice filling Brigadeiro – chocolate balls Pamonha – a dessert made with corn Coxinha – fried chicken “dumplings” •The national beverage is coffee, which is called “café.” •A soft drink made from guaraná is also quite popular. Coffee is a favorite of all grownups. Brazilians usually drink it in small cups. • The most popular sport in Brazil is football (soccer). •The Brazilian national football team is ranked among the best in the world according to the FIFA World Rankings, and has won the World Cup tournament a record five times. Pelé (1940) is Brazil’s most famous Soccer player • The music of Brazil encompasses various regional music styles influenced by African, European and Amerindian forms. Heitor Villa-Lobos (18871959) – One of the most well known Brazilian composers, played an important role in promoting Brazilian music overseas. • Brazilian music developed some unique and original styles such as samba, choro, bossa-nova, frevo, maracatu, ciranda, sertanejo, rock, pop, among others. Tom Jobim (1927-1994) – Musician, one of the inventors of Bossa Nova (known in the US as Brazilian jazz) Sugar Loaf , Rio de Janeiro Christ the Redeemer, Rio de Janeiro Salvador da Bahia Iguaçu Falls, Paraná Beach in Fortaleza, Ceará) Historical church in Ouro Preto, state of Minas Gerais. Ver o Peso market in Belém (Pará) • Traditional children’s game. •In a circle, children pass objects as they sing. http://www.youtube.com/watc h?v=olGfAXs3YSY&feat ure=related http://www.youtube.com/watc h?v=HpCLMQO6g0Q • This is a traditional lullaby. • Follow this link to hear a recording done with Brazilian children: http://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=Z5fRp1UXk1M&featur e=related • This is a song that was brought by immigrants from the Azores to Brazil. • It is very popular with the gauchos of Southern Brazil. • It is usually sung in a circle and singers stomp their heels and point their toes to the beat of the music and words. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= Gez4UY3DLzY&feature=relat ed • • This song is about a teetotum, or one of the oldest toys in the world. Here the teetotum (one child) joins a circle “of friends” and follows the actions suggested by the lyrics. http://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=ATRAaIxZCyc • The maculelê is a dancefight form that simulates the fights between Native Indians and the Portuguese, in colonial Brazil. • It is often heard in Bahia, Northeastern Brazil. • It is usually played with sticks that imitate swords. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NWUE BAUcI2Y&feature=related • • • http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=nWbDoV_X-to This song is a circle dance called ciranda and it is common in the state of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. This particular ciranda is about a flour house. Here, players are invited to sing and dance in a circle. (And have fun too!) Casa de farinha (Pernambuco) Sou eu maculelê (Bahia) Pezinho (Rio Grande do Sul)